This paper summed up the characteristics of native arteriovenous fistulas(AVFs) in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy(DN) in Chinese hemodialysis centers.A survey was conducted on AVF in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 DN.A total of 224 cases of maintenance hemodialysis patients were included in this study,among which,65 cases in DN group,33 cases in diabetes mellitus(DM) group and 126 cases in non-diabetic control(C) group.Hemoglobin,albumin,blood urea nitrogen, parathyroid hormone and calcium-phosphate product of the three groups of patients were not significantly different. Glycated hemoglobin A1c of DN group and DM group was not significant different.AVF life of(28.7±10.0) months in DN group was significantly shorter than that of(36.5±19.4) months in C group(statistic probability P<0.01),and AVF life of(32.5±10.1) months in DM group(P<0.05) was also shorter than that in C group, while there was no significant difference in AVF life between DN group and DM group.Proportion of upper arm fistula in DN patients(11/65) was significantly higher than that in C group(6/123,P<0.01).Life of AVF in patients with DN was relatively short,with more times of angioplasty and greater possibility of selecting upper arm internal fistula. This paper summed up the characteristics of native arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Chinese hemodialysis centers. A survey was conducted on AVF in maintenance hemodialysis patients with type 2 DN. A total of 224 cases of maintenance hemodialysis patients were included in this study, among which 65 cases in DN group, 33 cases in diabetes mellitus (DM) group and 126 cases in non-diabetic control (C) group. Hemoglobin, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, parathyroid hormone and calcium-phosphate product of the three groups of patients were not significantly different. Glycated hemoglobin A1c of DN group and DM group was not significantly different. AVF life of (28.7 ± 10.0) months in DN group was significantly shorter than that of ( 36.5 ± 19.4 months in C group (statistic probability P <0.01), and AVF life of (32.5 ± 10.1) months in DM group (P <0.05) was also shorter than that in C group, while there was no significant difference in AVF life b etween DN group and DM group. Proportion of upper arm fistula in DN patients (11/65) was significantly higher than that in C group (6/123, P <0.01). Life of AVF in patients with DN was relatively short, with more times of angioplasty and greater possibility of selecting upper arm internal fistula.