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1983～85年对本地区22个冬小麦品种的产量及其构成因素与上部三个节的茎、叶和穗部性状的关系进行了研究。结果表明,在产量水平为5～6吨/公顷时,决定产量的主导因素是穗粒重,其中千粒重和穗粒数的贡献大体相同。上部三个叶片性状有较大的一致性,旗叶宽、面积、绿色面积持续期对穗粒数、粒重、穗粒重有中度正相关,其中叶宽影响较大;但与穗数/米~2呈中度负相关,因而与产量表现为一定程度的正相关。茎、鞘直径与产量构成因素关系比长度密切,上部茎节直径影响也比下部大。逐步回归分析表明决定产量的还是产量构成因素本身,旗叶性状居从属地位,其中开张角、基角和叶宽对千粒重的影响较大。将产量居前五名品种的主要性状平均值与由曲线回归方程计算而得的“最优值”相比较,二者基本一致。据此提出选育产量潜力为6吨/公顷上下品种时可加考虑的冠层性状指标。
The relationship between the yield and its components of 22 winter wheat cultivars and the stem, leaf and ear traits in the upper three knots was studied from 1983 to 1985. The results showed that at the yield level of 5 ~ 6 t / ha, the main factor that determines the yield was the grain weight per spike, of which the contribution of 1000-grain weight and grains per spike was roughly the same. The top three leaf traits have greater consistency. The duration of flag leaf width, area and green area has a moderate positive correlation with grain number, grain weight and grain weight per spike. / M ~ 2 showed a moderate negative correlation, and thus yield performance is a certain degree of positive correlation. Stem, sheath diameter and yield components of the relationship between the length of the close, the upper part of the diameter of the stem than the lower part. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the yield components or yield components themselves, the flag leaf habitat subordinate position, of which opening angle, angle and leaf width of thousand grain weight greater impact. The average of the main characters of the top five cultivars was basically the same as the “optimal value” calculated by the curve regression equation. Based on this, the index of canopy traits which can be added when the potential of breeding yield is 6 tons / ha is proposed.