用经济手段治理环境,建立环境经济政策体系,是作为一种环境直接管制手段的补充而出现的。最早把经济手段引入环境管理领域的是法国,1964年法国就开始实施了水污染收费。目前,西方发达国家都已广泛应用环境经济政策,其主要环境经济政策有:一、环境收费政策环境收费政策是环境经济政策中较早出现的一项手段,在环境经济 Economic control of the environment and the establishment of an environmental economic policy system emerge as a complement to the direct environmental control measures. France was the first to introduce economic instruments into the field of environmental management. In 1964, France began charging for water pollution. At present, the western developed countries have extensively applied environmental economic policies, and their major environmental economic policies are as follows: I. Environmental charging policies Environmental charging policies are an earlier tool in environmental economic policies. In environmental economics