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目的了解河北邯郸市在校大学生恒牙先天性缺失的临床特征。方法随机对邯郸1895名大学生进行恒牙先天缺失临床特征的调查,并对先天缺牙患病率、数目及好发牙位等进行统计分析。结果恒牙先天缺失的总患病率为6.96%,男55例,女76例,性别间无统计学意义(P>0.05);下颌先天缺牙多于上颌(P<0.05);好发牙位为下颌中切牙;以缺1颗牙者最多见,占总人数的62.12%。患者缺牙伴有食物嵌塞者67.42%、邻面龋及继发病变者53.79%、牙合创伤者49.24%、牙周病者31.82%、咬合异常者61.36%。结论邯郸市在校大学生恒牙先天缺失多为少数缺牙,且性别间无统计学意义,下颌缺失牙数多于上颌,先天缺牙影响口腔健康及咬合关系。
Objective To understand the clinical features of congenital absence of permanent dentition in college students in Handan City, Hebei Province. Methods 1895 college students in Handan were randomly selected to investigate the clinical features of congenital absence of permanent teeth. Results The total prevalence of congenital absence of permanent tooth was 6.96%, 55 males and 76 females, with no significant difference between sexes (P> 0.05). There were more congenital malformations in mandible than in maxillary (P <0.05) Bit for the mandibular incisors; to one missing tooth most common, accounting for 62.12% of the total number. Patients with missing teeth with food impaction of 67.42%, adjacent caries and secondary lesions of 53.79%, 49.24% of occlusal trauma, periodontal disease was 31.82%, 61.36% were abnormal occlusion. Conclusion Most of permanent tooth defects in college students in Handan City are mostly minor edentulous. There is no statistical significance between the sexes. There are more missing teeth in the lower jaw than in the upper jaw. Tooth loss in the teeth can affect oral health and occlusion.