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目的:调查台州地区现有的血液检测体系是否存在输血传播HBV的残余风险。方法:献血者样本用ELISA法检测HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb和HBcAb的同时,对434份常规检测合格而HBsAb、HBeAb和HBcAb阳性的献血者血样进行HBV DNA核酸扩增分析。结果:合格血样3115人份检出HBsAb阳性870份(27.9%);HBcAb阳性176份(5.7%);HBeAb阳性8份(0.26%);HBsAb和HBeAb阳性25份(0.8%);HBeAb和HBcAb阳性53份(1.7%);HBsAb、HBeAb和HBcAb阳性103份(3.3%)。434份血样检出HBV DNA阳性11份,阳性率2.5%。结论:常规检测体系存在输血传播HBV风险,原因为免疫“窗口期”隐藏性HBV感染等。建议现有检测基础上对HBeAb和HBcAb阳性的血样增加HBV病毒核酸检测。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there is a residual risk of transfusion of HBV in existing blood tests in Taizhou area. Methods: Blood samples from donors were tested by ELISA for HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBcAb. At the same time, 434 routine blood samples of HBsAb, HBeAb and HBcAb positive donors were tested for HBV DNA amplification. RESULTS: 870 (27.9%) HBsAb positive were detected in 3115 eligible blood samples; 176 (5.7%) were HBcAb positive; 8 (0.26%) HBeAb positive; 25 HBsAb and HBeAb positive (0.8% 53 (1.7%) were positive; 103 (3.3%) were positive for HBsAb, HBeAb and HBcAb. 434 blood samples were positive for HBV DNA, with a positive rate of 2.5%. Conclusion: There is a risk of transfusion of HBV in routine testing system because of immune “window” hidden HBV infection and so on. It is recommended that existing HBsAb and HBcAb-positive blood samples be boosted for detection of HBV viral nucleic acids based on existing tests.