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癫痫和孤独症共患是较为常见的临床现象,5%~37%的癫痫儿童共患孤独症(或孤独症筛查阳性),2%~46%的孤独症或孤独症谱系障碍患者共患癫痫。精神疾病家族史、围生期不利因素、女性、孤独症特征、智力障碍、遗传或神经综合征、遗传因素等增加两种疾病共患风险。两种疾病共患时,癫痫起病更早,存在学龄前和青春期两个起病高峰,部分性发作更多见,难治性发生率更高,孤独症症状更严重,智力障碍更突出,运动发育问题和行为症状更多见,适应不良更明显。及时识别、正确诊断和规范治疗两种疾病非常重要。
Epilepsy and autism is a common clinical phenomenon, 5% to 37% of children with epilepsy comorbid autistic (or autism screening positive), 2% to 46% of autistic or autistic spectrum disorders epilepsy. Family history of mental illness, unfavorable perinatal factors, females, autism characteristics, mental retardation, genetic or neurological syndromes, genetic factors, etc. increase the risk of comorbidity of both diseases. When the two diseases are comorbid, the onset of epilepsy is earlier, there are two peaks of preschool age and adolescence onset, the partial seizures are more common, the incidence of refractory diseases is higher, the symptoms of autism are more serious, the mental retardation is more prominent, Motor development problems and behavioral symptoms are more common, maladaptation more obvious. Timely identification, correct diagnosis and treatment of both diseases is very important.