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目的了解新疆职业院校维吾尔族大学生体型自我认知及相关行为现状,为制定相应健康教育方案和措施提供依据。方法分层整群抽取新疆工程学院、新疆职业大学、乌鲁木齐职业大学3所职业院校的大一和大二年级1 364名维吾尔族大学生,采用中国青少年健康危险行为监测问卷进行调查。结果维吾尔族大学生中有50.1%的男生能够正确判断自己的体型,有29.5%的女生能正确判断自己的体型;对自己体型判断偏重的女生占65.9%,男生占22.9%;27.4%的男生和5.1%的女生自认为体重过轻,男女生间体型自我认知比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=307.2,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,影响不健康减肥行为的因素有性别、体型自我认知、饮酒、抑郁和孤独及家庭结构(P值均<0.05)。Pearson相关分析表明,维吾尔族大学生的体型自我认知与不健康减肥行为呈负相关(r=-0.89,P<0.05)。结论新疆职业院校维吾尔族大学生体型自我认知错误是导致不健康减肥行为的重要因素。学校和家庭应指导学生正确认知自我体型,促使学生健康减肥。
Objective To understand the current situation of self-cognition and related behaviors of Uygur college students in vocational colleges in Xinjiang and to provide the basis for formulating corresponding health education programs and measures. Methods A total of 1,364 Uighur students from freshmen and sophomores from Xinjiang Institute of Technology, Xinjiang Vocational University and Urumqi Vocational College were stratified and clustered to carry out a survey using the Chinese Adolescent Health Risk Behavior Surveillance Questionnaire. Results There were 50.1% male students in Uygur nationality who could judge their body size correctly, 29.5% girls correctly judge their body size, 65.9% girls and 22.9% boys, 27.4% boys and 5.1% of girls thought they were underweight, and there was a significant difference in self-awareness between boys and girls (χ2 = 307.2, P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors influencing unhealthy weight loss were gender, body self-perception, drinking, depression, loneliness and family structure (all P <0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between body size self-cognition and unhealthy weight loss behaviors among Uighur college students (r = -0.89, P <0.05). Conclusion The Uygur college students in Xinjiang vocational college students self-cognition error is an important factor leading to unhealthy weight-loss behavior. Schools and families should guide students to correctly recognize their own body shape, to promote healthy students to lose weight.