当前,热负荷主要是由热电站、地区锅炉房和采用母管制的国家区域电站来供给的。在这一类区域电站中,已对凝汽式汽轮机作了改造,以提供可调节和非调节的采暖抽汽和工业抽汽,并使这些机组转入背压工况和低真空工况运行[文1]。对实际上具有充分热源的凝汽式汽轮机用来供热的可行性及其发展前途进行研究是很必要的。利用这种机组供热,可为国家区域电站邻近的热用户提供每秒数百兆焦耳的热负荷,可为大城市供热提供每秒数千兆焦耳的热负荷。在文献中早已指出利用经改造的汽轮机来接带热负荷的可能性。表1给出改造后的16、20和30万千瓦汽轮机组的性能指标。由此可见这些机组在提 Currently, thermal loads are mainly supplied by thermal power stations, regional boiler rooms and nationally controlled regional power plants. Condensing steam turbines have been retrofitted into regional power stations of this type to provide adjustable and non-regulated heating extraction and industrial extraction and to operate these units in back-pressure and low-vacuum conditions [Article 1]. It is imperative to study the feasibility of heating condensable steam turbines, which are actually of sufficient heat, and their future prospects. Utilizing this unit for heat generation provides hundreds of megajoules of thermal load per second to thermal users in close proximity to the regional power stations in the country, providing several gigajoules of heat load per second for heating large cities. It has long been pointed out in the literature that the possibility of using a modified steam turbine to take over thermal loads. Table 1 shows the modified 16,20 and 300,000 kilowatts turbine performance indicators. This shows that these units are mentioned