论文部分内容阅读
青霉素类药物是治疗新生儿细菌感染的常用抗生素。然而对新生儿应用青霉素前是否必须作皮试,却存在着不同的看法。我认为必须作皮试,理由如下: 1.青霉素及其降解产物(半抗原),刺激机体产生相应抗体——IgE、IgG_4。当青霉素再次进入机体与IgE、IgG_4结合,释放出组织胺等生物活性物质时,就产生过敏反应。 2.应用青霉素的孕妇,青霉素及降解产物可通过胎盘进入胎儿体内,有人报告有10%新生儿脐血中发现有抗青霉素的IgG和IgM,说明胎儿曾接触过青霉素。新生儿使用青霉素产生过敏反应的途径很多如。①使用过青霉素的孕妇和被青霉素污染的某些食品、牛奶、水、空气均含有青霉素成份;②青霉素的降解产物,可经空气吸入;③皮肤丝状菌以及空气中的某些霉菌,可能产生青霉素样物质,均可使新生儿致敏。
Penicillins are common antibiotics used to treat neonatal bacterial infections. However, whether it is necessary to make a skin test before applying penicillin to the newborn, there are different opinions. I think it must be a skin test for the following reasons: 1. Penicillin and its degradation products (haptens), stimulate the body to produce the corresponding antibodies - IgE, IgG_4. When penicillin re-enter the body with IgE, IgG_4 binding, release of histamine and other bioactive substances, it produces an allergic reaction. 2. The application of penicillin in pregnant women, penicillin and degradation products can enter the fetus through the placenta, it was reported in 10% of neonatal cord blood anti-penicillin IgG and IgM, indicating that the fetus had been exposed to penicillin. Newborns use penicillin to produce many allergic reactions such as. ① pregnant women who have used penicillin and some foods contaminated with penicillin, milk, water, air containing penicillin; ② penicillin degradation products can be inhaled by air; ③ filamentous fungi in the skin and some mold in the air may Produce penicillin-like substances, can make neonatal sensitization.