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α7 nAChR属于烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体,是由5个α7单体组成的配体门控离子通道。α7 nAChR的配体结合位点主要有两种,即激动剂(拮抗剂)结合位点以及变构调节位点。α7 nAChR是精神分裂症认知障碍以及阿尔茨海默病药物研究的一个重要靶点,现已有多个治疗药物处在临床试验阶段。本文主要综述了α7 nAChR激动剂以及变构调节剂药物的研究进展。
α7 nAChR is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and is a ligand-gated ion channel composed of five α7 monomers. There are two major ligand binding sites for α7 nAChR, the agonist (antagonist) binding site and the allosteric regulatory site. α7 nAChR is an important target for the study of schizophrenia cognitive disorders and Alzheimer’s disease drugs. Several therapeutic drugs are currently in clinical trials. This article reviews the research progress of α7 nAChR agonists and allosteric modulators.