1.引言与综述 流体运动的物理学的研究,即本文中的流体物理学,是物理科学的最古老分支之一。尽管它很古老,但它继续以随意选出的一些别致的问题使研究它的人们着迷。我们需要了解在我们周围流动着的世界,包括从穿越生物膜的性质到行星大气中出现的孤立波现象。为此,需要有长期不断的刺激力量和冒险精神。 1. INTRODUCTION AND REVIEWS The study of the physics of fluid motion, the fluid physics in this article, is one of the oldest branches of physical science. Although it is ancient, it continues to fascinate the people who study it with a few fanciful questions that are randomly chosen. We need to understand the world that flows around us, from the nature of the biofilm through to the solitary waves that appear in the planetary atmosphere. To this end, there needs to be a long-term stimulus and risk-taking.