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1 前言马铃薯在我国的种植面积约300万 hm~2,南方大多分布在西南山区,约107万 hm~2,其中80%左右与玉米间作套种。湖北省马铃薯种植面积近20万 hm~2,恩施自治州就占有12万 hm~2左右。我国的马铃薯平均单产仅12t/hm~2,低于世界平均水平20%。品种落后是马铃薯生产发展的主要限制因素之一。马铃薯是鄂西山区的主要粮食作物和养殖业的重要饲料来源,其产量占该区夏粮总产的70%以上,占该区全年粮食总产近三分之一。随着市场经济的发展和人们生活质量的提高,马铃薯已逐步成为重要的食品加工原料,并已成为不可或缺的蔬菜品种。因此,选育食用和加工兼用型品种已成为主要育种目标之一。马铃薯晚疫病是世界上为害最大的病害,目前国际上正组织实施晚疫病防治全球计划,力求通过国际
1 Introduction Potato planting area in China is about 3 million hm ~ 2, the south are mostly distributed in the mountains of Southwest China, about 1.07 million hm ~ 2, of which about 80% intercropping with corn. Hubei Province, potato planting area of nearly 200,000 hm ~ 2, Enshi Autonomous Prefecture on the possession of 120,000 hm ~ 2 or so. China's average yield of potato is only 12t / hm ~ 2, lower than the world average of 20%. Variety behind the development of potato production is one of the major constraints. Potato is an important feed source for major grain crops and aquaculture in western Hubei mountainous areas. Its output accounts for more than 70% of the total summer cereal output in the region, accounting for nearly one-third of the total grain output of the region. With the development of market economy and the improvement of people's life quality, potato has gradually become an important food processing raw material and has become an indispensable vegetable variety. As a result, the selection of both edible and processed varieties has become one of the major breeding objectives. Late blight of potato is the most harmful disease in the world. At present, the global plan for the prevention and control of late blight is being organized in the world,