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针对圆柱的涡激振动问题,设计开发了高性能循环水槽与超声位移传感器,研究了高阻尼比、低质量比条件下,弹性支撑的刚性圆柱的涡激振动变化规律。结果表明:(1)高阻尼比条件下,振幅主要受独立参数阻尼比、质量比的影响;低质量比条件下,振动频率随流速增大而增大,“锁定区间”较高质量比范围扩大。(2)高阻尼比、低质量比条件下,阻尼的增大会导致振幅减小且“锁定区间”变窄;但振动频率在“锁定区间”内变化趋势一致。(3)高阻尼比、低质量比有利于涡激振动的能量转化,但阻尼不可过大,否则振幅与“锁定区间”均变小,影响电能转化。
Aiming at the vortex-induced vibration of cylinder, a high-performance circulating water tank and ultrasonic displacement sensor are designed and developed. The variation of vortex-induced vibration of rigid cylinder with elastic support under high damping ratio and low mass ratio is studied. The results show that: (1) Under the condition of high damping ratio, the amplitude is mainly affected by the damping ratio and the mass ratio of the independent parameters. Under low mass ratio conditions, the vibration frequency increases with the increase of the flow rate, Than the scope of expansion. (2) Under the condition of high damping ratio and low mass ratio, the increase of damping will lead to the decrease of amplitude and the narrowing of the “locking range”; however, the variation of the vibration frequency in the “locking range” is consistent. (3) high damping ratio, low mass ratio is conducive to the energy conversion of vortex-induced vibration, but the damping can not be too large, otherwise the amplitude and the “locking range” are smaller, affecting the electrical energy conversion.