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古文中常常会遇到,同一个词,尽管词义、词性相同;同一个句,尽管文字、结构无异,却有不同的指向。如果我们混为一谈,就不能正确理解。宋应星《天工开物》中《水晶》一文中说:“凡水晶出深山穴内,瀑流石罅之中,其水经晶流出,昼夜不断,流出洞门半里许,其面尚如油珠滚沸。”——在这里,两个加点的字“其”,都是代词,解释“它”,但是,它们的指向是不同的,前者指代“瀑流”,后者指代“经晶流出”的“水”。
In classical Chinese, it is common to encounter the same word, even though it has the same meaning and part of speech; the same sentence, although its word and structure are the same, has different directions. If we mix it, we cannot understand it correctly. Song Yingxing said in the article “Crystal” in “Heavenly Creation”, “Where there is a crystal in a deep mountain cave, the water flows out of the stone stream, and the water flows out through the crystal. Rolling.“ - Here, the two dotted words ”their“ are all pronouns and explain ”it“, but their directions are different. The former refers to the ”falling stream“ and the latter refers to ”jingjing.“ Outflow of ”water".