气管狭窄系由于不恰当的气管切开、套囊压迫、辅助呼吸时长期气管插管及车祸造成。在插管后数周、数月、甚至气管切开拔管后发生。由于医学之进展,使有气管狭窄并发症者得以生存。低压高容量气囊可防止产生狭窄,但心输出量低致组织内缺氧者,即使低压高容量气囊,亦可损害气管引起纤维性变及肉芽增生,造成坏死,最后狭窄。近来,对气管狭窄唯一有效的疗法是反复气管扩张、气管切除端端吻合、植皮等。同种成形代替气管,虽有少数病例成功,但后果不佳,同种和自体气管移植不能成活。由于重建失败,采用喉模扩张,用塑料模组织反应重,妨碍其应用。Montgomery(1965)首先采用“T”形硅管, Tracheal stenosis is due to improper tracheotomy, cuff compression, assisted long-term endotracheal intubation and car accident caused. Several weeks after intubation, months, and even after tracheostomy extubation. Due to the progress of medicine, people who have tracheal stenosis can survive. Low-pressure high-capacity airbags to prevent stenosis, but low cardiac output caused by hypoxia in tissues, even if the low-pressure high-capacity airbags, can also cause damage to the trachea and fibrous granulation proliferation, resulting in necrosis, the final stenosis. Recently, the only effective treatment for tracheal stenosis is repeated tracheal dilation, tracheotomy end anastomosis, skin grafting and so on. The same type of replacement instead of the trachea, although a few cases of success, but the consequences of poor, the same kind and autologous tracheal transplantation can not survive. Due to the reconstruction failure, the use of throat mold expansion, with plastic mold tissue reaction, hinder its application. Montgomery (1965) first used “T” shaped silicon tube,