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三阴性乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer,TNBC)是乳腺癌中的一种特殊免疫组织化学亚型,以雌激素受体、孕激素受体及人类表皮生长因子受体2阴性表达为特征。TNBC具有高度异质性且通常发病早、临床分期较晚、组织学级别高、易于局部复发、转移并且预后差等特点。由于其不表达雌激素受体、孕激素受体和人类表皮生长因子受体2,不能从内分泌治疗和抗人类表皮生长因子受体2靶向治疗中受益,故其治疗手段相对于其他类型乳腺癌亦受到相应的限制。自TNBC的概念提出后已成为乳腺癌研究和关注的焦点。该文对TNBC临床病理特征、分子生物学特点及治疗最新进展作了综述。
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a special immunohistochemical subtype in breast cancer characterized by negative expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. TNBC is highly heterogeneous and often characterized by early onset, late clinical staging, high histological grade, easy local recurrence, metastasis and poor prognosis. Because it does not express estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, it can not benefit from endocrine therapy and anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-targeted therapy, so its treatment is better than other types of breast Cancer is also subject to the corresponding restrictions. The concept of TNBC has been the focus of breast cancer research and attention since its introduction. This article reviewed the clinical and pathological features of TNBC, the characteristics of molecular biology and the latest progress of treatment.