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转轴中最严重的缺陷是出现裂纹,裂纹产生的原因是多种多样的,主要有以下几种:(1)在制造阶段由原材料产生的裂纹;(2)加工制造阶段产生的裂纹;(3)设备在使用中发生的裂纹。检查这些裂纹通常使用无损检测法,可是,要想判断这些裂纹对转轴安全运行的影响大小相当困难。一旦产生错判,运行的转轴上产生裂纹的扩展就会对生产安全运行造成很大威胁和严重后果。所以,在大多数情况下,或者是要规定裂纹的大小或数量标准,或者根据破坏检查强度变化来预测产生裂纹的原因和设备的使用寿命。
The most serious defect in the shaft is the appearance of cracks. The causes of cracks are various and include the following: (1) Cracks caused by raw materials in the manufacturing stage; (2) Cracks generated in the manufacturing and manufacturing process; (3) Equipment cracks in use. Inspection of these cracks is usually done using non-destructive methods, but it is quite difficult to determine how much the cracks will affect the safe operation of the shaft. Once misjudgment occurs, the expansion of the cracks on the running shaft can cause great threats and serious consequences for the safe operation of the production. Therefore, in most cases, either the size or number of cracks is to be specified, or the cause of cracks and the service life of the equipment are predicted based on changes in the strength of the damage inspection.