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以解淀粉芽孢杆菌hj1为试材,采用平板对峙培养法测定了hj1的抑菌活性,利用PCR扩增其抗生素合成基因,应用盆栽试验检测其防治西瓜枯萎病的效果。结果表明:菌株hj1可拮抗西瓜枯萎病菌专化型尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.niveum),确定其含有bam与fenB基因,分别为杆菌抗霉素(Bacillomycin)与环状脂肽(Fengycin)的相关合成基因。含菌株hj1的新型生物有机肥(BOF)对西瓜枯萎病防治效果显著,发病率仅为16.8%,病情指数下降到0.9,防治效果达到83.2%;促生效果同样明显,植株株高、鲜质量和干质量在所有处理中均为最高。施用新型生物有机肥还提高了细菌(芽孢杆菌)与放线菌等有益菌的含量,降低了真菌(尖孢镰刀菌)的含量。表明施用含有菌株hj1的新型生物有机肥能有效防治西瓜枯萎病,并促进西瓜植株生长。
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens hj1 was used as test material to determine the antimicrobial activity of hj1 by plate confrontation culture method. PCR was used to amplify the antibiotic biosynthesis genes. The pot experiment was conducted to test its effect on preventing and curing watermelon wilt. The results showed that strain hj1 could antagonize Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum against Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Niveum, and identified as bam and fenB, which were bacillomycin and fengycin ) Related synthetic genes. The new bio-organic fertilizer (BOF) containing strain hj1 had significant effects on the control of watermelon blight. The disease incidence was only 16.8%, the disease index dropped to 0.9, and the control effect reached 83.2%. The growth promoting effect was also obvious. The plant height, fresh weight And dry mass are the highest in all treatments. Application of new bio-organic fertilizer also increased the content of bacteria (Bacillus) and actinomycetes and other beneficial bacteria, reducing the fungus (Fusarium oxysporum) content. The results showed that applying the new bio-organic fertilizer containing strain hj1 could effectively prevent and cure watermelon wilt and promote the growth of watermelon.