我国进行目标教学的研究和实验是从80年代中期开始的,各地在实验中大多采用了美国芝加哥大学教授布卢姆的教育目标分类理论,上海地区从1987年起吸收布卢姆的理论,编制中学历史教学目标,在全市范围内推广使用。多年来的实践使我们认识到布卢姆的分类教育目标,尤其是他的认知领域教育目标,理论体系较完备,结构较完整,层次较清楚,评价手段较系统,确实值得借鉴。但是我们也看到,布卢姆的分类教育目标主要运用于他所在的那个国家的文化背景和教育条件,不能采用照搬照抄的简单做法。完全照搬照抄,必然脱离我国的教育实际和学科特点,难以为我国广大教师和学生所接受的,没有实用价值。只是在形式上进行一番仿造,往往是貌合神离,并没有反映布卢姆目标分类学理论的精华,在科学性上产生问题。因此, The research and experimentation of target teaching in China started from the mid-1980s. In the experiments, most of the localities used the classification theory of Bloom’s education target professor from the University of Chicago, and the Shanghai area absorbed Bloom’s theory from 1987. The teaching objectives of middle school history are promoted throughout the city. The practice over the years has led us to realize Bloom’s classification education goals, especially his cognitive field education goals. The theoretical system is relatively complete, the structure is complete, the level is clear, and the evaluation methods are systematic. It is indeed worth learning from. However, we also see that Bloom’s classification education goals are mainly applied to the cultural background and educational conditions of the country in which he is based. They cannot use the simple practice of copying. To copy and copy it completely is bound to be separated from China’s educational reality and academic characteristics, and it is difficult for Chinese teachers and students to accept it, and it has no practical value. Just copying something in form is often disguised, and it does not reflect the essence of Bloom’s target taxonomy theory, and it creates problems in science. therefore,