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To study the effects of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its receptor (IL-6R) during in vitro maturation of ovine oocytes,the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-6 and IL-6R,along with their localization,were examined during ovine oocytes maturation in vitro through real-time PCR,Western blotting,and immunohistochemistry.Specific patterns of expression of IL-6 and IL-6R were observed at both mRNA and protein levels at each stage of ovine oocytes maturation.IL-6 and IL-6R were distributed primarily on the surface of the cell membrane,with little expression in the cytoplasm or nucleus.IL-6 and IL-6R were expressed significantly at higher levels in the maturation around 4 h,and then decreased dramatically.However the level slightly elevated at 20-24 h.The role of IL-6 and IL-6R on oocytes maturation was studied through in vitro addition of recombinant human IL-6 in different concentrations.The addition of 10 ng mL-1 IL-6 significantly increased the rates of oocytes maturation (P＜0.05),but did not affect the rates of development of the subsequence IVF ovine embryos.In summary,IL-6 is likely to play an important role in the early ovine oocytes maturation.The expression patterns of the IL-6 and IL-6R on the ovine oocytes maturation open up the possibility of regulatory role of the cytokine in ovine oocytes maturation.