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目的 观察单唾液酸神经节苷脂 (GM1)对脑血管痉挛 (CVS)后局部脑血流量 (rCBF)与微血管的影响 ,以探讨其防治CVS的可能性。方法 将 2 5只大鼠随机分为对照组、CVS组、尼莫地平组 (Nim组 )、GM1治疗组 (GM1 T组 )、GM1预防组 (GM1 P组 )。运用蛛网膜下腔二次注血制备CVS模型。每组分别于二次注血后 0h、0 5h、1h、3h及 6h测量rCBF ;6 5h后断头取脑 ,抗Ⅷ因子相关抗原免疫组化染色标记微血管 ,图像分析观察颞叶皮质微血管的数密度、面密度。结果 (1)rCBF :二次注血后CVS组、Nim组、GM1 T组的rCBF明显下降 (均P <0 0 1) ,6h时Nim组、GM1 T组的rCBF回升至注血前水平 ,CVS组的rCBF无明显回升 ;GM1 P组在二次注血后rCBF无明显下降。 (2 )图像分析 :CVS组的微血管数目、面积及平均面积均减少 (均P <0 0 1) ;Nim组的微血管面积较对照组、CVS组明显增加 (均P <0 0 1) ;GM1 T组的微血管数目、面积及平均面积较对照组、CVS组显著增加 (均P <0 0 1) ;GM1 P组的微血管数目、面积及平均面积增多最明显 ,与CVS组比较差异有极显著性 (均P <0 0 1)。结论 蛛网膜下腔二次注血可降低rCBF、减少皮质微血管数目和面积 ,诱发CVS,尼莫地平可缓解CVS程度 ,但GM1的治疗作用比尼莫地平更强 ,并能预防CVS的发生
Objective To investigate the effect of monosialoganglioside (GM1) on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and microvessel after cerebral vasospasm (CVS) in order to investigate the possibility of preventing and treating CVS. Methods 25 rats were randomly divided into control group, CVS group, Nimodipine group, GM1 treatment group and GM1 prevention group. CVS model was made by secondary injection of subarachnoid. RCBF was measured at 0 h, 0 5 h, 1 h, 3 h and 6 h after secondary injection of blood in each group. The brain was harvested after 6 5 h and the anti-Ⅷ factor-related antigen immunohistochemical staining was used to mark the microvessels. Number density, surface density. Results (1) rCBF: The rCBF of CVS, Nim and GM1 T decreased significantly after secondary injection (all P <0.01), and the rCBF of Nim and GM1 T returned to the pre-injection level at 6h, No significant increase of rCBF was found in CVS group. There was no significant decrease of rCBF in GM1 P group after secondary injection. (2) Image analysis: The number of microvessels, area and average area of CVS group were decreased (all P <0.01); the microvascular area of Nim group was significantly higher than that of CVS group (all P <0.01) The number of microvessels, area and average area of T group were significantly higher than those of CVS group and CVS group (all P <0.01). The number of microvessels, area and average area of GM1P group increased most significantly (All P <0.01). Conclusions Secondary subarachnoid injection can reduce rCBF, reduce the number and area of cortical microvessels, induce CVS and nimodipine to relieve the severity of CVS. However, the therapeutic effect of GM1 is better than nimodipine and can prevent the occurrence of CVS