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一、新疆面临的环境问题 (一)土地荒漠化、盐碱化蔓延 新疆是全国土地荒漠化面积最大、分布最广、危害最严重的省区。全区87个县市中,有80个县市和90多个农垦团场分布有荒漠化土地。荒漠化土地面积达79.59万平方公里,占新疆土地面积的49.71％,占全国荒漠化面积的30.35％。目前荒漠化土地正以每年400平方公里的速度扩张,形势十分严峻。作为生命之本的农田也在劫难逃,每年约有1000万亩农田遭受风沙危害,而盐碱化土地已占耕地面积的44.4％。这些环境问题都是新疆经济发展的严重障碍。
I. Environmental Issues in Xinjiang (I) Desertification and Salinization of Lands Xinjiang is the largest and most widely distributed and hardest-hit province in the country. Among 87 counties and cities in the region, 80 counties and cities and more than 90 land farms distributed desertified land. Desertified land covers an area of 795,900 square kilometers, accounting for 49.71% of the total land area in Xinjiang and 30.35% of the total desertified area in the country. At present, desertified land is expanding at an annual rate of 400 square kilometers and the situation is very grim. Farmland, which is the basis of life, is also fleeing. About 10 million mu of farmland are endangered by wind and sand every year, while salinized land accounts for 44.4% of the total cultivated area. These environmental problems are all serious obstacles to the economic development of Xinjiang.