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本文在调查研究的基础上,将我国铁路运营机车和车辆分别模拟成4种理论机车模型和7种理论车辆模型,并根据我国铁路的运营状况和对部分铁路编组站列车编组资料的统计分析,将我国铁路运营列车归纳成4大类(混合货运列车、运煤列车、液罐列车和旅客列车)和4个编组级别(轻载、中载、重载、重载组合)共15种典型列车,并借助MonteCarlo随机模拟方法建立了这15种典型列车的理论模型,阐明了以典型列车建立铁路列车荷载谱和桥梁结构效应谱的具体方法。本文推算出的应力脉谱与现场实测值的比较表明,上述方法既简便可靠又灵活实用,可供修订桥梁疲劳设计规范参考。
Based on the investigation and research, this paper simulates the railway locomotives and vehicles in China into four kinds of theoretical locomotive models and seven kinds of theoretical vehicle models, respectively. Based on the operation status of our country’s railways and the statistical analysis of the train data of some railway marshalling stations, The railway trains of our country are classified into four types (mixed freight trains, coal trains, tank trains and passenger trains) and four groups of trains (light load, medium load, heavy load and heavy load combination) The theoretical models of these 15 kinds of typical trains are established by means of Monte Carlo stochastic simulation method and the concrete methods of building the railway train load spectrum and bridge structure effect spectrum with typical trains are expounded. The comparison between the stress spectrum calculated in this paper and the measured values in the field shows that the above method is simple, reliable, flexible and practical, which can be used as a reference to amend the bridge fatigue design code.