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目的了解红河州消除疟疾阶段的输入性疟疾流行病学特征,探讨对输入性疟疾的防控措施。方法收集2012—2016年红河州境外输入性疟疾病例相关资料,对疟疾疫情的流行病学特征进行分析。结果 5年共报告境外输入性实验室确诊疟疾病例89例,其中间日疟84(94.38%)例,恶性疟5(5.62%)例,恶性疟死亡1例,年病例数从2012年的17例上升到2016年的28例,上升64.71%。金平、个旧和元阳县(市)病例数占84.27%;20~50岁男性青壮年病例数占89.89%;农民工病例数占88.76%;缅甸输入病例73例(82.02%)。结论境外输入性疟疾病例明显增多,以成年男性和外出务工人员为主,感染来源主要为缅甸。应当加强对外出务工人员防治知识的宣传,同时加强对来自疫区回归人群的监测和管理,避免继发病例的发生。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria during the phase of malaria elimination in Honghe Prefecture and to explore the control measures against imported malaria. Methods The data of imported malaria cases outside Honghe Prefecture from 2012 to 2016 were collected to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria epidemic. Results A total of 89 cases of malaria cases were confirmed by imported laboratories in the past five years. Among them, 84 (94.38%) cases of Plasmodium falciparum, 5 cases of Plasmodium falciparum (5.62%) and 1 case of Plasmodium falciparum malaria were reported in 5 years. The cases rose to 2016 in 28 cases, an increase of 64.71%. Jinping, Gejiu and Yuanyang counties (cities) accounted for 84.27% of all cases; young males aged 20-50 years accounted for 89.89%; migrant workers accounted for 88.76%; imported cases of Myanmar 73 (82.02%). Conclusion The imported cases of imported malaria were significantly increased, mainly male and migrant workers, with the main source of infection being Myanmar. The propaganda on prevention and treatment of migrant workers should be stepped up. At the same time, the monitoring and management of people returning from affected areas should be stepped up to avoid the occurrence of secondary cases.