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马铃薯生长发育受到很多因素的影响,其中养分的影响最重要。养分的供应及马铃薯对养分的吸收、利用都对块茎的形成、膨大与淀粉积累有显著的影响。马铃薯的生长周期中,需要量最多的是N、P和K,它们在土壤中常缺乏,必须加以补充,才能满足其正常生长需求。生产上不合理地施肥,造成马铃薯产量不高,品质较差,增加了生产成本。综述了N、P、K对马铃薯生长发育及产量和品质的影响,马铃薯不同生育阶段、不同器官吸收养分的特征和分配规律,对于丰富马铃薯栽培生理理论和指导生产中N、P、K合理配施具有重要的指导意义和应用价值。
Potato growth and development are affected by many factors, of which the most important nutrient effects. The supply of nutrients and the absorption and utilization of nutrients by potato have a significant impact on tuber formation, enlargement and starch accumulation. Potato needs the most growth in the cycle of N, P and K, they are often lacking in the soil, and must be complemented in order to meet their normal growth needs. Irrational fertilizer production, resulting in potato yield is not high, poor quality, increased production costs. The effects of N, P and K on the growth and yield and quality of potato, the characteristics and distribution of nutrients uptake in different organs of potato at different growth stages were summarized. It is of great value to rationally enrich N, P and K in the physiological theory of potato cultivation and to guide the production Shi has an important guiding significance and application value.