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云南省大部分地区属于低纬高原,最热月平均温度只有19~21℃,最冷月平均温度多在7℃以上,高寒山区最热月平均温度低于引起马铃薯退化的临界温度(21℃)。云南省一年四季均可种植马铃薯,适宜在春夏季种植一季中晚熟马铃薯,是云南省马铃薯的主产区,在生长季节较长的半山区,除种植一季春马铃薯外,还可再种植一季秋马铃薯,在冬季温暖、有灌溉条件的河谷地区或坝区,以及春雨较多、霜冻较少的山区,则有种植冬马铃薯(又称板田洋芋、小春洋芋、三月洋芋)的习惯。在云南省开展马铃薯区试,准确鉴定新品种的适宜种植区域范围,筛选品种的丰产性、抗逆性、品质等优良性状,并为新品种的审定和推广提供科学依据,显得尤为紧迫。
Most parts of Yunnan Province belong to the low latitude plateau. The hottest month average temperature is only 19-21 ℃, the coldest month average temperature is more than 7 ℃, and the hottest month average temperature is lower than the critical temperature causing potato degeneration (21 ℃ ). Yunnan Province can grow potatoes all year round and is suitable for planting middle-late-maturing potatoes in spring and summer. It is the main producing area of potatoes in Yunnan Province. In the mid-mountain area with longer growing season, in addition to growing a season of spring potatoes, Autumn potato, winter warm, irrigation conditions in the valley or dam area, and more spring rain, frost less mountain, there are planting winter potato (also known as potato fields, spring potato, potato in March) habits. It is particularly urgent to carry out the potato area test in Yunnan Province, accurately identify the suitable planting area of the new variety, screen for the excellent traits such as high yield, resistance and quality of the new variety and provide a scientific basis for validation and promotion of the new variety.