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20世纪初期美国农业得到迅速发展,主要原因是联邦政府采取有效的农业发展政策,其中从国外引种粮食作物是农业生产水平质变的关键手段。由于中国作物资源的多样性和悠久的农耕历史,成为作物引种活动的首选目的地之一。在美国农业部主导下,哈佛大学阿诺德植物园和美国国家地理学会聘请植物学家、农业传教士和农业学者在中国开展了长期的粮食作物引种活动,获取大量的稻类作物、麦类作物、豆类作物和其他重要经济作物样本。这些中国粮食作物不仅解决了美国农业生产中种质资源缺乏问题,而且持续扩充了美国种质基因库样本数量,为美国跃居世界农业生产大国首位奠定了重要基础。
The rapid development of American agriculture in the early 20th century was mainly due to the effective policy of agricultural development adopted by the federal government. The introduction of food crops from abroad was a key means of qualitative change in agricultural production. Due to the diversity of crop resources in China and the long history of farming, it has become one of the preferred destinations for crop introductions. Under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, botanists, agricultural missionaries and agricultural scholars at Harvard University’s Arnold Botanical Garden and the National Geographic Society have engaged in long-term introductions of food crops in China to access large quantities of rice crops, wheat crops, beans Crops and other important cash crop samples. These Chinese food crops have not only solved the problem of lack of germplasm resources in agricultural production in the United States, but have continuously expanded the number of samples of germplasm banks in the United States and laid an important foundation for the United States to become the first major agricultural country in the world.