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对胎龄为 12～ 32整周的 177例胎儿标本 (男 92例 ,女 85例 )的主要肢骨进行了解剖观察和分析。结果表明 :1四肢主要长骨的长度无左、右差别 (P>0 .0 5) ,无性别差异 (P>0 .0 5) ,并与顶臀长和体重成正相关 ;2四肢主要长骨随胎龄的增加而增长 ,但各周增长速度不一致 ;3胎儿期四肢主要长骨的软骨部分随胎龄的增加而增长 ,而相对比(软骨长 /全长 )却随胎龄的增加而下降 ;4在 12周时胎儿下肢主要长骨全长均已超过上肢相对应的主要长骨全长。骨化干长在 15周时股骨超过肱骨 ,在19周时胫骨超过尺骨 ,在 14周时腓骨超过桡骨 ,其胫骨与尺骨的生长模式最为近似。
The anatomical observation and analysis of the main limbs of 177 fetuses (92 males and 85 females) of gestational age ranged from 12 to 32 were performed. The results showed that there was no left-right difference (P> 0.05) in the length of the major long bones of four limbs, no gender difference (P> 0.05), and positively correlated with the top hip length and body weight. Gestational age increased, but the rate of growth in different weeks was not consistent. 3 The cartilage length of the major long bones in fetal limbs increased with gestational age, but the relative ratio (cartilage length / total length) decreased with the increase of gestational age. 4 At 12 weeks, the major long bones of the lower limbs of the fetus all exceeded the length of the major long bones corresponding to the upper limbs. The ossification of the femur over the humerus at 15 weeks showed that the tibia exceeded the ulna at 19 weeks, and the fibula exceeded the radius at 14 weeks. The tibial and ulna models most closely matched the growth pattern.