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小麦叶绿素缺失突变体Mt135自交后代稳定表现绿株、条纹株和白化株3种类型,其中条纹株白色组织和白化株的叶绿体数目和结构发生突变,完全失去光合能力。为研究该突变体叶绿体基因表达与光合作用的关系,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术,分析了白化株和条纹株的叶绿体基因表达。在白化株中共检测到40个差异表达基因,涉及4类功能(编码光反应相关蛋白、编码叶绿体内能量代谢相关酶、核糖体合成和tRNA合成),包括18个上调表达和22个下调表达基因;在条纹株中共检测到13个上调表达基因,其表达变化趋势与在白化株中一致。白化株的差异表达基因中,编码光系统II、I结构蛋白的psb、psa和ycf等基因家族的基因表达量显著下调;多个编码核糖体蛋白大、小亚基的基因表达量改变,尤其是核糖体蛋白小亚基编码基因rps14和23SrRNA的编码基因23SrDNA表达量显著下调。推测Mt135突变性状与参与光反应相关蛋白的编码基因、叶绿体内能量代谢相关酶的编码基因、核糖体合成相关基因以及tRNA合成相关基因表达量的改变密切相关。
Three types of green plants, striped plants and albino plants were stably expressed in wheat chlorophyll-deficient mutant Mt135. The number and structure of chloroplasts in white tissues and albino strains of mutant strains mutated completely and lost photosynthetic capacity. In order to study the relationship between chloroplast gene expression and photosynthesis in this mutant, the chloroplast gene expression of albino and streak strains was analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. A total of 40 differentially expressed genes were detected in the albino strain, involving four functions (encoding photoreactive proteins, encoding chloroplast energy metabolism related enzymes, ribosomal synthesis and tRNA synthesis), including 18 up-regulated and 22 down-regulated genes Thirteen up-regulated genes were detected in the striated strains, and their expression trends were consistent with those in the albino strains. Among the differentially expressed genes of albino strains, the gene expression levels of psb, psa and ycf gene families encoding light system II and I structural proteins were significantly down-regulated. The gene expression levels of multiple large and small subunits encoding ribosomal proteins changed, especially Is the ribosomal protein small subunit encoding genes rps14 and 23SrRNA coding gene 23SrDNA expression was significantly down-regulated. It is speculated that the mutation of Mt135 is closely related to the changes of the genes involved in photoprotein related proteins, chloroplast energy metabolism related enzymes, ribosome synthesis related genes and tRNA synthesis related genes.