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大白菜-甘蓝异附加系是利用甘蓝的优良基因改良大白菜品种的中间材料,在遗传理论研究和育种实践中有重要的应用价值。以BC1、BC2植株为基础材料,利用形态学鉴定、花粉特征与细胞学鉴定方法,进行了大白菜-甘蓝异附加系的选育研究。结果表明,由于外源染色体的影响,植株性状表现多样性;花粉量、花粉整齐度和花粉生活力低于二倍体大白菜;从18株BC1和11株BC2中鉴定出21和22条染色体的比率分别各占16.67%、16.67%和27.27%、9.09%。进一步结合核型分析比较,从BC1、BC2自交后代中鉴定出了附加甘蓝9号染色体的大白菜-甘蓝单体异附加系植株。该研究对开展比较基因组学研究,定向地向大白菜导入甘蓝优良基因,拓宽大白菜遗传背景,增加遗传多样性具有重要意义。
Chinese cabbage - cabbage alien addition line is an intermediate material for improvement of Chinese cabbage with good genes of cabbage, which has important application value in genetic theory research and breeding practice. Based on the BC1 and BC2 plants, the selection of Chinese cabbage-cabbage alien addition lines was studied by morphological identification, pollen characteristics and cytological identification. The results showed that plant traits showed diversity due to the effect of exogenous chromosomes; pollen quantity, pollen uniformity and pollen viability were lower than diploid Chinese cabbage; 21 and 22 chromosomes were identified from 18 BC1 and 11 BC2 Respectively, accounting for 16.67%, 16.67% and 27.27%, 9.09% respectively. Further analysis of karyotype analysis showed that Chinese cabbage - Brassica albae addition lines with additional cabbage chromosome 9 were identified from BC1 and BC2 selfing progenies. The research is of great significance for carrying out comparative genomics research and orienting cabbage genetically to Chinese cabbage, broadening the genetic background of Chinese cabbage and increasing the genetic diversity.