上一讲我们讲了生产关系对企业生产力的反作用,以及通过什么途径来完善生产关系,以促进企业生产力的发展。这一讲,我们讲的是上层建筑对企业生产力的反作用和如何完善上层建筑来促进企业生产力的发展。一、上层建筑对生产力反作用的一般原理在这个问题上,有一个流传较久较广的观点,即斯大林在《马克思主义和语言学问题》中提出的观点。他认为:“上层建筑同生产、同人的生产活动没有直接联系。上层建筑是通过经济的中介、通过基础的中介同生产仅仅有间接的关系。因此上层建筑反映生产力发展水平的变化,不是立刻、直接反映的,而是在基础变化以后,通过生产变化在基础变化中的拆 On the last we talked about the reaction of production relations to the productivity of enterprises and the ways in which we can improve our relations of production so as to promote the development of productive forces in enterprises. In this lecture, we are talking about the reaction of the superstructure to the productivity of the enterprise and how to improve the superstructure to promote the development of the productivity of the enterprise. First, the general principle of the reaction of the superstructure to the productive forces On this issue, there is a longer-term perspective that Stalin put forward in his book, Marxist and Linguistic Issues. He said: “The superstructure has no direct connection with the production and colleagues' production.” The superstructure is an indirect intermediation between production and production through an intermediary of the economy. Therefore, the superstructure reflects the changes in the level of development of the productive forces, not immediately, Directly reflected, but after the basic change, through the production change in the basic changes in the demolition