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1.绪言机床的加工精度年年要求提高,为此要调查研究在实际切削中造成精度降低的主要原因。根据调查,了解到在实际切削中,由于刀具的切削产生切削力和切削热,从而引起主柱,主轴箱,主轴等机床结构的变形,因此不能够得到所要求的刀具动作。而只有通过在特定的位置和加工条件下进行实验时,才能得到迫切期待的分析机床结构的方法。根据最近用计算机分析机床结构的发展来看,在初期,分析方法有用单纯的梁和集中的质量表示机床结构的“集中质量法”和用集合均匀分布的梁表示质量的响应法等。但由于机床的结构是复杂的,用这种方法进行机床结构分析是困难的。因此用现在发展
1. Introduction The machining accuracy of machine tools is increasing year by year. To do this, it is necessary to investigate and study the main reasons for the decrease in accuracy caused by actual cutting. According to the survey, it was learned that in the actual cutting, cutting force and cutting heat are generated due to the cutting of the tool, which causes the deformation of the main column, the spindle head, the spindle, and other machine structures, so the required tool action cannot be obtained. Only by conducting experiments under specific conditions and processing conditions can one get the eagerly anticipated method of analyzing machine tool structures. According to the recent development of computer analysis of machine tool structures, at the initial stage, the analysis method used a simple beam and concentrated mass to represent the “massive mass method” of the machine tool structure and a response method that uses a uniformly distributed beam to represent quality. However, because the structure of the machine tool is complicated, it is difficult to analyze the machine structure with this method. So with the current development