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背景:视神经作为特殊分化的中枢神经,损伤后视网膜神经细胞修复和再生困难,最终导致不可逆性视功能丧失,目前临床尚缺乏行之有效的治疗措施。由于干细胞的多向分化潜,其在视神经保护及损伤修复中的作用日渐成为研究热点。目的:对视神经保护研究的干细胞种类、干细胞移植方式、干细移植在视神经保护及损伤修复中作用进行综述。方法:应用计算机检索ISI Web of Knowledge平台数据库(1994-02/2009-04),以“stem cells,optic nerve”为检索词;应用计算机检索中国知网全文数据库(1994-02/2009-04),以“干细胞、视神经”为检索词。结果与结论:共收集98篇有关干细胞与视神经保护及损伤修复的文献,中文23篇,英文75篇。排除发表时间较早、重复及类似研究,纳入38篇符合标准的文献。干细胞既具有生理性的自我更新能力,又具有对损伤组织的修复能力。目前大部分有关干细胞与视神经保护和损伤修复的研究都只表现在形态结构方面,如何使干细胞安全有效地植入体内及稳定视功能重现仍需努力。取材较方便的皮肤干细胞、外周血干细胞、脂肪干细胞等都是很好的实验材料,应深入研究使其得到更好的利用。
BACKGROUND: The optic nerve, as a special central nervous system, poses difficulties in repairing and regenerating retinal nerve cells after injury and eventually leads to irreversible loss of visual function. Currently, there is no effective treatment for this disease. Due to the multidirectional differentiation potential of stem cells, its role in the repair and repair of optic nerve has become a research hotspot. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the roles of stem cell types, stem cell transplantation and stem-grafts in optic nerve protection and injury repair in optic nerve protection. Methods: The databases of ISI Web of Knowledge (1994-02 / 2009-04) were searched by computer and the words “stem cells, optic nerve” were searched by computer. The Chinese full-text database of CNKI was searched by computer (1994-02 / 2009- 04), “stem cells, optic nerve” as the search term. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 98 articles on stem cell and optic nerve protection and injury repair were collected, including 23 Chinese and 75 English. Excluding earlier publication, duplication and similar studies, 38 eligible documents were included. Stem cells have both physiological self-renewal capacity, but also has the ability to repair damaged tissue. At present, most researches on the protection and injury repair of stem cells and optic nerves are only in the aspect of morphological structure. How to implant the stem cells safely and effectively and to stabilize the visual function remains to be done. Derived more convenient skin stem cells, peripheral blood stem cells, adipose stem cells, etc. are good experimental materials, should be further studied to make better use of.