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在世界文化思想史的天幕上,约翰·沃尔夫冈·歌德(1749—1832)无疑是一颗灿烂明亮的巨星。他一身兼为文学家和思想家;即使在自然科学领域内,他也取得了同时代专攻自然科学的人无法忽视的成就。但是,歌德首先是一位伟大的诗人。从八岁时给外祖父母写第一首祝贺新年的诗算起,在七十多年的漫长岁月中,歌德孜孜不倦地创作了长短诗歌两千五百多篇,其题材之丰富广泛,风格之多姿多采,在德国乃至世界文学史上都很少有人堪与比拟。也就难怪英国大诗人拜伦要尊歌德为“欧洲诗坛的君王”。在我国,通过自郭沫若以来一大批译家的介绍,歌德的一些优秀诗作同样得到了广泛传播。为了帮助读者比较系统、深刻地理解和鉴赏它们,笔者不揣浅陋,撰写“歌德名诗赏析”这一组文字。本篇作为开头,将介绍他在一七七一年写成的《塞森海姆之歌》;因为,它是歌德一生诗歌创作的第一个高峰,是他整个文学生涯的真正开端。
In the world’s history of cultural and intellectual history, John Wolfgang Goethe (1749-1832) is undoubtedly a brilliant bright star. He was both a writer and a thinker, and even in the realm of science he achieved achievements that can not be ignored by contemporaries specializing in the natural sciences. However, Goethe first is a great poet. From the age of eight to his grandparents to write the first New Year’s poems to write the first count, in the long years of more than 70 years, Goethe tirelessly created more than 2500 pieces of poetry length and length, the subject of a wide range of rich, Multi-tasking, very few people in Germany and even in the history of the world literature comparable. It is no wonder that the British big poet Byron to respect Goethe as “the king of European poetry.” In our country, some of Goethe’s excellent poems have also been widely disseminated through the introduction of a large number of translators since Guo Moruo. In order to help readers more systematic and profound understanding and appreciation of them, the author does not humble shallow, writing “Goethe famous poem appreciation” this group of text. Beginning with this passage, we will introduce the song “Theisenheim” which he wrote in 1771; for it was the first peak of Goethe’s poetry writing throughout his lifetime and the very beginning of his entire literary career.