我国是干电池的生产和消费大国,目前一年的产量超过150亿只,居世界第一位,占世界总产量的1/3,其中消费量达100多亿只。干电池中的有害物质主要是汞。长期以来,在我国生产的干电池中,要加入汞或汞的化合物作为缓蚀剂,我国的碱性干电池中的汞含量达1％～5％,中性干电池达0.025％,全国每年用于生产干电池的汞就达几十吨之多。汞是一种毒性很强的重金属, China is a big country for the production and consumption of dry cells. At present, the output of one year exceeds 15 billion, ranking first in the world, accounting for one-third of the world’s total production, of which more than 10 billion are consumed. The harmful substances in dry batteries are mainly mercury. For a long time, mercury or mercury compounds have been added as corrosion inhibitors in dry batteries produced in China. The mercury content in alkaline dry batteries in China ranges from 1% to 5%, and neutral dry batteries reach 0.025%. The mercury of dry batteries reaches as many as tens of tons. Mercury is a highly toxic heavy metal,