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为有效推广功能型大豆7S亚基缺失品种,以7S亚基缺失大豆品系东富2号为研究对象,设置4种施氮水平(纯N),N0(0 mg·kg~(-1))、N1(25 mg·kg~(-1))、N2(50 mg·kg~(-1))、N3(75 mg·kg~(-1)),采用桶栽法研究大豆根系形态和结瘤固氮对不同施氮水平的响应。结果表明:N1(25 mg·kg~(-1))水平下根系干重加大,根冠比增大,根瘤固氮潜力高,单株产量较高。N2(50 mg·kg~(-1))水平下根长、根表面积、根体积在生育后期增长较快,根系干重较大,根冠比低,固氮酶活性最高,单株籽粒产量最高。N3(75 mg·kg~(-1))水平下植株干重较大,无效生长较多,根瘤数少,固氮潜力和根冠比低,单株产量不高。综合籽粒产量和根系特性指标,功能型大豆7S亚基缺失品系东富2号的适宜施肥量为25~50 mg·kg~(-1)。
In order to effectively promote the deletion of functional soybean 7S subunit, four nitrogenous fertilizers (N, 0 mg · kg ~ (-1)) were applied to Dongfu No.2, a soybean line lacking 7S subunit. , N1 (25 mg · kg -1), N2 (50 mg · kg -1) and N 3 (75 mg · kg -1) Response of Nitrogen Fixation to Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels. The results showed that under the condition of N1 (25 mg · kg ~ (-1)), root dry weight increased, root / shoot ratio increased, nitrogen fixation potential of nodule was high, and the yield per plant was higher. Under the N2 (50 mg · kg -1) level, the root length, the root surface area and the root volume increased rapidly in the later growing stage, the root dry weight was larger, the root / shoot ratio was lower, the nitrogenase activity was the highest and the grain yield per plant was the highest . Under N3 (75 mg · kg -1) level, the dry weight of plant was larger, the number of nodules was less, the number of nodules was less, the potential of nitrogen fixation and root / shoot ratio were lower, and the yield per plant was not high. According to the indexes of grain yield and root characteristics, the suitable fertilization amount of Dongfu No.2 functional soybean 7S subunit was 25-50 mg · kg -1.