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二十五年来,对强效射性核废料的地质隔绝,在世界上已设想了几种技术解决办法。在美国对以下的一些建议进行了研究,这些建议是: ·坑道地质贮库·弧岛基地的地层贮库·废弃矿井隔绝·岩石熔化技术·深孔中的隔绝·海床下的隔离。虽然另一些技术解决办法(废弃矿井隔绝用在个别情况下)对于强放射性核废料的储藏最有前途,但目前更注意的是坑道地质贮库。坑道地质贮库是一种最有利的方法,因为随着开采过程的进行,很容易放置废料,继而安排使用是可能的。同时在系统发生故障的事件中或在废燃料的情况下,为了回收分离铀或钵,那么对于这种储库重新密封废料也是可能的。此外,在采矿和地下工业建筑中,建设地下贮库的技术和经验已得到了很大的发展。
In the past 25 years, several technological solutions have been envisioned in the world for the geological isolation of powerful radioactive nuclear waste. In the United States, the following proposals have been studied. These suggestions are: • Geological reservoirs in the tunnels • Formation reservoirs in the base of the arc island • Isolation of abandoned mine shafts • Rock melting technology • Isolation in deep holes • Isolation under the sea floor. Although other technical solutions (abandonment of mines for isolation in individual cases) are the most promising for the storage of highly radioactive nuclear waste, more attention is being paid to mine geological deposits. Tunnel geologic storage is one of the most advantageous methods, because as the mining process progresses, it is easy to place the waste and it is then possible to arrange for use. At the same time, in the event of a system failure or in the case of spent fuel, it is also possible to re-seal the waste for such a reservoir in order to recover the separated uranium or plutonium. In addition, in mining and underground industrial buildings, the technology and experience of building underground reservoirs have been greatly developed.