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结构的损伤模型可以从材料、构件和整体三个层次研究。整体结构损伤模型主要以结构整体为研究对象,从结构的整体反应参数变化研究结构整体性能的变化规律,并对在地震作用下结构的损伤、抗震性能进行分析。结构损伤时物理参数的变化,必将引起动力参数的变化。因此可以通过动力测试来捕捉结构动力参数的变化,如:结构损伤前后固有频率、模态振型和阻尼的变化,可以进行结构损伤诊断。结合在同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室做过的几十个模拟地震振动台试验测试结果,统计和总结地震作用下高层建筑结构自振频率与阻尼比的变化规律,提出了一种新的损伤模型与损伤指标。该损伤模型综合考虑了高阶振型、振型参与系数、结构自振频率、阻尼比等影响因素。最后,用该损伤模型和损伤指标对其中3个典型的高层建筑结构模型模拟地震振动台试验数据进行验证,结果表明:该损伤模型与试验现象基本吻合。可对既有工程结构快速准确地进行动力损伤识别与评估。
Structural damage models can be studied from three levels of material, component and overall. The global structural damage model mainly focuses on the whole structure, and studies the variation of the overall structural performance from the overall structural response parameters. The structural damage and seismic performance under earthquake are analyzed. Structural changes in the physical parameters of injury, will inevitably lead to changes in dynamic parameters. Therefore, the dynamic test can be used to capture the structural dynamic parameters such as the change of natural frequency, mode shape and damping before and after structural damage, so as to make structural damage diagnosis. Combined with the dozens of test results of shaking table test made by State Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering of Tongji University, the variation regularity of natural frequency and damping ratio of high-rise building under the action of earthquake is proposed and analyzed. Damage model and damage index. The damage model considers the influencing factors of high-order vibration mode, mode participation coefficient, natural frequency of structure, damping ratio and so on. Finally, the damage model and the damage index were used to verify the seismic shaking table test data of three typical high-rise building structural models. The results show that the damage model is consistent with the experimental phenomenon. It can identify and evaluate dynamic damage quickly and accurately to existing engineering structures.