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目的了解不同成分含氯消毒剂对芽孢杀灭效果及毒性强度、致突变性,为合理选择疫源地消毒剂、科学制定现场消毒方案提供可靠依据。方法采用悬液定量杀菌试验和动物实验方法对消毒剂相关性能进行观察。采用霍恩氏法和一次最大限度试验法进行急性经口毒性实验;采用小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核实验进行致突变试验。结果将二氯异氰尿酸主要有效成分的含氯消毒片配置成有效氯浓度为5 000 mg/L的消毒溶液作用60 min,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢平均杀灭对数值>5.00,同浓度的三氯异氰尿酸溶液作用30 min,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢平均杀灭对数值>5.00二氯异氰尿酸钠与三氯异氰尿酸均为低毒物质,二氯异氰尿酸钠毒性作用强于三氯异氰尿酸,两种消毒剂最高应用浓度5倍溶液均为实际无毒物质,小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核实验均为阴性。结论三氯异氰尿酸对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽胞的杀灭效果优于二氯异氰尿酸钠,二氯异氰尿酸钠与三氯异氰尿酸的毒性级别相同、中毒症状相似、均无骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率上升的致突变作用,但二氯异氰尿酸毒性作用强于三氯异氰尿酸钠。
Objective To understand the effect of different components of chlorine-containing disinfectant on spore killing and toxicity intensity, mutagenicity, to provide a reliable basis for the rational selection of disinfectant and scientific on-site disinfection programs. Methods Suspension quantitative germicidal test and animal experiment methods were used to observe the relative performance of disinfectants. Acute oral toxicity test was carried out by Horn’s method and a maximum test method. Mutagenicity test was carried out on mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocyte micronucleus test. Results Chlorine disinfection tablets, the main active ingredient of dichloroisocyanuuric acid, were placed in a disinfection solution with an effective chlorine concentration of 5 000 mg / L for 60 min. The average kill logarithm of Bacillus subtilis var. Niger was> 5.00, Trichloroisocyanuric acid solution for 30 min, the average Bacillus subtilis kills the logarithmic value> 5.00 Sodium dichloroisocyanurate and trichloroisocyanuric acid are low toxic substances, toxic sodium dichloroisocyanurate In trichloroisocyanuric acid, the highest concentration of the two disinfectants 5 times the actual solution are non-toxic substances, mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes micronucleus test were negative. CONCLUSION Trichloroisocyanuric acid has a better killing effect on Bacillus subtilis black mutant spores than sodium dichloroisocyanurate. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate and trichloroisocyanuric acid have the same toxicity level and similar toxic symptoms, The erythrocyte micronucleus rate increased mutagenicity, but the toxicity of dichloroisocyanuric acid is stronger than sodium trichloroisocyanurate.