建设社会主义新农村,是党的十六届五中全会作出的重大战略决策,是我国现代进程中的重大历史任务,也是构建和谐社会、全面实现小康的一个重要标志。社会主义新农村的特点可以概括为“生产发展、生活宽裕、乡风文明、村容整洁、管理民主”。近年来我国农村经济取得了快速发展,农民的收入和生活水平也有了明显的提高,但农村的环境问题却日益突出——饮用水体水质恶化,居住环境脏、乱、差,导致农民的生活质量下降。据统计,在农村地区每年有1.2亿吨的生活垃圾露天堆放,约有3.6亿人喝不上符合卫生标准的饮用水。一、农村环境污染问题的表现与形成原因近年来,城市污染问题得到了重视并逐步治理,城市污染已经在一定程度上得到缓解,环境质量逐步得到改善。传统上作为城市污染消纳地的农村地区,污染问题却日益严重,主要表现在以下三个方面: Building a new socialist countryside is a major strategic decision made by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee. It is a major historical task in the process of our country’s modern times and an important symbol of building a harmonious society and realizing an overall well-to-do society. The characteristics of a new socialist countryside can be summed up as “development of production, affluent life, civilized rural areas, clean and tidy village, democratic management ”. In recent years, China’s rural economy has achieved rapid development, and farmers ’incomes and living standards have also been significantly improved. However, the environmental problems in rural areas have become increasingly prominent - deterioration of water quality in drinking water, dirty living environment, chaotic and poor living conditions, leading to peasants’ lives decline in quality. According to statistics, there are 120 million tons of domestic garbage piled open in the countryside in rural areas each year, and about 360 million people can not drink drinking water meeting hygienic standards. First, the performance of rural environmental pollution problems and the formation of reasons In recent years, urban pollution problems have been given priority and gradually control, urban pollution has been alleviated to some extent, the gradual improvement of environmental quality. The pollution problem has become more and more serious in rural areas traditionally used as the places where urban pollution is consumed. The problems are mainly manifested in the following three aspects: