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在不同历史时期,国有企业兴办了大量的以“产业多元化”为特征的多种经营、集体经济法人实体。多年来,这些法人实体在分流安置主体企业富余人员、缓解职工子女就业压力、提供配套产品或劳务服务、促进企业经济发展、维护社会稳定等方面发挥了重要作用。但随着社会主义市场经济体制的逐步建立和国有企业改革的不断深化,这些法人实体规模小、冗员多、产权不清、机制不灵活、管理不善、市场竞争力弱等问题日益突出,已成为国有企业深化改革、结构调整的障碍,甚至可能造成国有资产流失。
In different historical periods, a large number of state-owned enterprises set up a variety of operating and collective economic legal entities characterized by “diversification of industries.” Over the years, these legal entities have played an important role in diversifying the surplus personnel in the main enterprise, alleviating the employment pressure of workers and children, providing complementary products or labor services, promoting the economic development of enterprises, and maintaining social stability. However, with the gradual establishment of the socialist market economic system and the deepening of the reform of state-owned enterprises, these legal entities have become increasingly prominent issues of small scale, redundant staff, unclear property rights, inflexible mechanisms, poor management and weak market competitiveness. The obstacles that state-owned enterprises deepen the reform and structural adjustment may even cause the loss of state-owned assets.