一、引言一个企业只有根据由本国的禀赋结构所决定的比较优势进行产业和技术选择,才能在竞争市场中具有自生能力(林毅夫,1999)。自生能力是指在自由竞争的市场经济中,一个正常经营的企业在没有外部扶持的条件下,如果能够获得不低于社会可接受的正常利润水平,则这个企业就是有自生能力的。与大多数发展中国家一 I. INTRODUCTION An enterprise can have its own ability to compete in a competitive market only if it chooses industry and technology based on the comparative advantage dictated by its own endowment structure (Lin, 1995). The viability means that in a freely competitive market economy, a normally operating enterprise can be self-sustaining if it can obtain a profit not less than the normal level acceptable to society under the condition of no external support. One with most developing countries