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制定产业政策是目前政府扶持装备制造业发展的重要手段。装备制造业是我国经济发展的战略性基础产业,我国为促进装备制造业发展制定了若干产业政策,但是,这些产业政策的效果如何,理论界缺乏对这些问题的系统研究。本文基于制度分析的视角,针对中国装备制造业发展目前所存在的制度困境,我们首先回顾了国内外相关文献,然后从制度的角度指出了我国装备制造业存在的主要问题及其根源,在此基础上提出了装备制造业竞争力提升制度设计的原则:制度效率、帕累托改进、交易成本最低化及尊重制度生命周期等。最后,提出一系列如加强制度创新,正式制度与非正式制度的耦合,政府引导、企业为主题的机制设计、通过建立知识管理系统来激励知识的交流和传播等对策建议。
The formulation of industrial policy is an important means by which the government supports the development of equipment manufacturing industry. Equipment manufacturing industry is a strategic basic industry in China’s economic development. China has formulated a number of industrial policies to promote the development of the equipment manufacturing industry. However, the effectiveness of these industrial policies has not been systematically studied in the theoretical circles. Based on the perspective of institutional analysis, aiming at the existing institutional dilemmas in the development of China’s equipment manufacturing industry, we first review the relevant literature both at home and abroad, and then point out the main problems and their root causes in China’s equipment manufacturing industry from a system perspective. Based on the proposed equipment manufacturing industry to enhance the competitiveness of the system design principles: system efficiency, Pareto improvement, transaction costs and the minimum system life cycle respect. Finally, a series of suggestions such as strengthening institutional innovation, coupling of formal and informal institutions, designing government-led and enterprise-themed mechanisms and encouraging knowledge exchange and dissemination through the establishment of knowledge management system are put forward.