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目的通过调查本溪市青少年健康相关行为,了解本溪市青少年伤害的发生情况。方法 2013年12月采用多阶段分层整群抽样抽取本溪市城市和乡村3所初中,3所高中共3 610名调查对象,发放北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所编制的《中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷》,由经过培训的专业人员利用学生课余时间组织全体学生独立匿名填写。计算本溪市青少年伤害行为发生率,χ2检验分析不同人群发生率的差异。结果本溪市调查发现青少年自杀意念、自杀计划、尝试自杀和有意伤害自己的发生率分别为12.78%、8.24%、5.81%和19.57%。高中生自杀计划的发生率为9.39%,高于初中生7.27%(χ2=4.28,P=0.04);青少年伤害相关行为—步行违规,骑车违规,非安全场所游泳,非安全场所滑冰,在楼梯上追跑打闹、互相推搡,攀爬屋顶、爬树或其他危险地方,为了逞能而做危险动作,翻栏杆、墙头、校门等障碍物,在玩滚轴溜冰、滑板车等时不戴保护装备,身上带有棍棒、刀具、鞭炮等危险物品,危险方法放鞭炮或和同伴互相扔鞭炮玩,食用陌生人给的食物或饮料,误服药品,被约会对象殴打的发生率分别为27.75%、49.84%、13.62%、16.94%、24.23%、18.04%、11.59%、8.44%、12.86%、10.52%、8.01%、4.80%、4.89%和3.79%。男生(73.41%、48.02%、17.37%、20.27%、29.15%、21.56%、16.31%、11.98%、17.00%、14.77%、12.89%、7.42%、6.56%和5.42%)显著高于女生(70.37%、52.40%、11.37%、14.27%、19.69%、14.71%、6.88%、4.90%、8.79%、6.28%、3.05%、2.15%、3.23%和2.15%)(P<0.05)。初中生非安全场所游泳(16.42%),在楼梯上追跑打闹、互相推搡(27.97%),为了逞能而做危险动作(12.11%)和在玩滚轴溜冰、滑板车等时不戴保护装备(15.74%)显著高于高中生的12.25%、20.88%、11.30%和10.17%(P<0.05);而初中生步行违规(68.96%),攀爬屋顶、爬树或其他危险地方(1.50%),翻栏杆、墙头、校门等障碍物(7.44%),身上带有棍棒、刀具、鞭炮等危险物品(9.46%),食用陌生人给的食物或饮料(2.88%)和被约会对象殴打(2.60%)显著低于高中生的74.96%、24.72%、9.64%、11.83%、6.86%和5.09%(P<0.05);满族的非安全场所滑冰的发生率为18.61%,显著高于汉族的15.74%(χ2=4.69,P=0.03)。排在前三位的伤害是扭伤、跌坠伤和硬物击伤,发生率分别是17.73%、8.57%和7.2%。结论本溪市青少年各伤害相关行为发生率较高,且在初中生和高中生、男女生间存在差异。扭伤为青少年中最常见的伤害类型。应针对不同人群加大针对性的监管力度,预防和减少伤害发生。
Objective To investigate the incidence of adolescent injuries in Benxi by investigating the health-related behaviors of adolescents in Benxi. Methods In December 2013, a total of 3 610 students from 3 middle schools and 3 high schools in Benxi City and Country were sampled by multistage stratified cluster sampling. The survey on health behaviors of adolescents in China was issued by Institute of Childhood and Adolescent Health, Peking University Questionnaire ". The trained professionals use the students’ spare time to organize all the students to fill in anonymously and anonymously. Calculate the incidence of adolescent injuries in Benxi City, χ2 test analysis of differences in the incidence of different groups. Results The survey found that the incidence of teen suicidal ideation, suicide plan, attempted suicide and intentional harm themselves were 12.78%, 8.24%, 5.81% and 19.57%, respectively. The incidence of suicide among high school students was 9.39%, higher than that of junior high school students (χ2 = 4.28, P = 0.04). Adolescent injury-related behaviors - walking irregularities, cycling irregularities, swimming in unsafe places and skating in unsafe places Stairs chase on slapstick, pushing each other, climbing the roof, climbing trees or other dangerous places, in order to try to do dangerous moves, turn railings, walls, school doors and other obstacles, playing roller skating, scooters, etc. Wearing protective equipment, body with sticks, knives, firecrackers and other dangerous items, dangerous methods of firecrackers or throw firecrackers with each other to play, eat strangers to food or drink, misuse of drugs, beaten by the date of the object were the incidence of 27.75, 49.84, 13.62, 16.94, 24.23, 18.04, 11.59, 8.44, 12.86, 10.52, 8.01, 4.80, 4.89 and 3.79%. Boys (73.41%, 48.02%, 17.37%, 20.27%, 29.15%, 21.56%, 16.31%, 11.98%, 17.00%, 14.77%, 12.89%, 7.42%, 6.56% and 5.42% %, 52.40%, 11.37%, 14.27%, 19.69%, 14.71%, 6.88%, 4.90%, 8.79%, 6.28%, 3.05%, 2.15%, 3.23% and 2.15%, respectively) (P <0.05). Junior high school students swim in unsafe places (16.42%), chase down slapstick on stairs, push each other 27 (27.97%), do dangerous moves for bravery (12.11%) and do not wear when playing roller skating, scooter Protective equipment (15.74%) was significantly higher than 12.25%, 20.88%, 11.30% and 10.17% (P <0.05) of high school students, while junior high school students walked irregularly (68.96%), climbing the roof, climbing trees or other dangerous places (9.46%), eating food or drink from strangers (2.88%) and the objects to be dubbed (1.50%), with barriers such as railing, wall and school doors Beating (2.60%) was significantly lower than 74.96%, 24.72%, 9.64%, 11.83%, 6.86% and 5.09% (P <0.05) of high school students, respectively; the incidence of Manchu skating was 18.61% 15.74% Han (χ2 = 4.69, P = 0.03). The top three injuries were sprains, falls and hard injuries, with rates of 17.73%, 8.57% and 7.2% respectively. Conclusion The incidence of harm-related behaviors in youth in Benxi City is high, and there are differences between male and female students in junior and senior high school students. Sprains are the most common type of injury in adolescents. Targeted supervision should be targeted at different populations to prevent and reduce the occurrence of injuries.