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语言共性论历史悠久,研究者集语言学家、哲学家、人类学家等于一体,理论观点百花齐放、百家争鸣。最著名的当属形式主义学派和功能主义学派。从四个方面对比分析,包括语言本质和语言共性、研究方法、研究对象及语言共性存在与否的推断。最终认为,虽有分歧,但终会被两者的共性和共同目标所代替。
The linguistic commonalities have a long history. The researchers, including linguists, philosophers and anthropologists, are all in one body. The theoretical perspectives are flourishing and there are hundreds of schools of thought. The best known are formalism and functionalism. From four aspects of comparative analysis, including the nature of language and language commonalities, research methods, research objects and the existence of language common or not. In the end, though there are disagreements, they will eventually be replaced by the commonalities and common goals of the two.