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目的了解江苏省苏州市小学生肥胖流行现况,探讨单纯性肥胖对小学生心肺功能的影响,为预防控制单纯性肥胖提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样法,对苏州市6所小学1~6年级小学生6 299人进行调查,并分别对单纯性肥胖的男、女学生各30例进行肺通气功能和心电图检测。结果苏州市肥胖男、女小学生分别有291和189例,检出率分别为8.7%和6.4%,平均检出率为7.6%;男、女生体重超重分别有391和264例,检出率分别为11.6%和8.9%,平均检出率为10.4%;与正常学生比较,肥胖学生的每分最大通气量(MVV)、用力呼吸第1秒钟呼气量(FEV1)、肺活量50%时呼气流速(50%MEF)、呼气高峰流速(PEFR)明显降低,功能残气量(FRC)明显升高;肥胖学生心电图的QT离散度(QTd)和校正后QT离散度(QTcd)分别为(42.11±10.57)和(50.29±11.69)m s,与正常学生的(36.77±9.63)和(42.43±10.77)m s比较,均明显延长(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论单纯性肥胖可导致小学生肺通气功能下降,心肌细胞电生理活动异常。
Objective To understand the prevalence of obesity among pupils in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, and to explore the influence of simple obesity on cardiorespiratory function of primary school students and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of simple obesity. Methods A total of 6 299 primary schoolchildren from 6 primary schools in Suzhou City were investigated by random cluster sampling method. Lung function and electrocardiogram were detected in 30 obese male and female students respectively. Results There were 291 and 189 primary school students in Suzhou, with the detection rates of 8.7% and 6.4% respectively. The average detection rate was 7.6%. There were 391 and 264 cases of overweight in boys and girls respectively. The detection rates were respectively With a mean detection rate of 11.6% and 8.9%, respectively. The average detection rate was 10.4%. Compared with normal students, obese students had the highest minute ventilation (MVV), forced expiratory volume of 1 second (FEV1) and 50% QF (QTd) and corrected QT dispersion (QTcd) of the electrocardiogram of obese students were (respectively, 50% MEF), peak expiratory flow velocity (PEFR) and functional residual volume (FRC) 42.11 ± 10.57) and (50.29 ± 11.69) ms respectively, which were significantly longer than those of normal students (36.77 ± 9.63) and (42.43 ± 10.77) ms (P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusion Simple obesity can lead to decreased pupil pulmonary ventilation, abnormal electrophysiological activity of myocardial cells.