众所周知,日本是个多地震的国家。日本人民永远不会忘记1923年关东大地震所带来的深重灾难,因而,长期以来日本十分重视对地震灾害进行科学分析和监测,制定有效的防治措施,努力提高防御能力。日本制造以科学观测为目的的地震仪始于十九世纪末期明治维新时代。明治政府为吸收西洋科技成就,雇用了西方科学家在日本开始研制各种地震测报仪,此后,日本科学家对地震仪不断改进,成为各个时期世界上最先进的地震仪,由主管地震测报的气象台(厅)不断充实在各地地震台上。现在,日本有近千台地震仪在经常工作。此外,许多海底地震仪作为临时观测用仪器,不断流动作业,严密监视可能发生地震的异常海区。日本有完善的地震监测系统,仅气象厅的观测点在全国就有近200个,气象厅主要观测不断发生的地震中的较大的地震(震级3级以上),负责发布地震情报和海啸警 As we all know, Japan is a country with many earthquakes. The Japanese people will never forget the devastating catastrophe caused by the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923. Therefore, Japan has for so long attached great importance to scientific analysis and monitoring of earthquake disasters, formulated effective prevention and control measures, and tried hard to improve its defensive capabilities. Seismographs made in Japan for scientific observations began in the Meiji Restoration era of the late nineteenth century. In order to absorb Western scientific and technological achievements, the Meiji government hired Western scientists to start researching and developing seismographs in Japan. Since then, Japanese scientists have continuously improved seismographs and become the most advanced seismographs in the world at any time. The Meteorological Observatory in charge of earthquake prediction Hall) constantly enrich the seismological stations around. Now, Japan has nearly a thousand seismographs on a regular basis. In addition, many undersea seismographs, as temporary observation instruments, are constantly moving to monitor the abnormal sea areas where an earthquake may occur. Japan has a sound earthquake monitoring system. Only the meteorological agency has nearly 200 observation points across the country. The meteorological agency mainly observes the larger earthquakes (level 3 or above) in the ongoing earthquakes and is responsible for the release of the earthquake intelligence and tsunami warning