老工业基地在向社会主义市场经济体制转轨过程中，受到市场经济的强烈冲击，由于其产业结构、产品结构、技术结构的落后，市场竞争能力低下，不少国有企业尤其是大中型国有工业企业销售不畅，效益大幅下滑，甚至出现严重亏损，致使企业冗员即富余职工迅速由隐性失业转为下... Because of its industrial structure, product structure, backward technological structure and low market competitiveness, many old state-owned enterprises, especially large and medium-sized state-owned industrial enterprises, have been strongly challenged by the market economy in their transition to a socialist market economic system. Sales are sluggish, the profitability drops sharply, and even serious losses occur, resulting in the redundancy of enterprises, that is, the excess of employees rapidly turn from hidden unemployment to the next ...