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目的探讨极低出生体重儿在进行母乳喂养、早产儿配方乳喂养条件下黄疸消退、体重增长、耐受全胃肠营养的时间及常见并发症的区别。方法对2002年10月至2005年4月我科收治的111例极低出生体重儿提供母乳喂养的39例,另72例采用早产儿配方乳喂养,观察两组在黄疸消退日龄、回升到出生体重日龄、过渡到全胃肠道营养日龄、住院天数等的差别,并比较两组在喂养不耐受、新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎、酸中毒的发生率方面的不同。结果两组过渡到全胃肠道营养日龄的差异有统计学意义(t=15.06,P<0.01);两组在喂养不耐受和酸中毒发生率的差异也有统计学意义(χ2分别为4.203和4.811,P<0.05);黄疸消退日龄、回升到出生体重日龄差异两组无统计学意义(t值分别为0.70和0.27,P>0.05);新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎发生率的两组差异也无统计学意义(χ2=0.01,P>0.05)。结论在极低出生体重儿应积极进行母乳喂养,这对于早日过渡到全胃肠道营养、减少喂养不耐受发生率、缩短住院天数、降低酸中毒发生率均有积极作用。
Objective To explore the difference of jaundice subduction, weight gain, tolerance to total gastrointestinal nutrition time and common complications of very low birth weight infants under breastfeeding and premature infant formula feeding. Methods From October 2002 to April 2005 in our department 111 cases of very low birth weight infants fed 39 cases of breastfeeding, and the other 72 cases of premature infant formula feeding, the two groups observed jaundice extinction age, back to Birth weight and age, transitional to total gastrointestinal nutrition day age, days of hospitalization, etc. The differences in the incidence of feeding intolerance, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and acidosis were compared between the two groups. Results There was significant difference between the two groups (t = 15.06, P <0.01). There was also significant difference between the two groups in incidence of feeding intolerance and acidosis (χ2 = 4.203 and 4.811 respectively, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the age of jaundice and the difference between days of birth and birth weight (t = 0.70 and 0.27, respectively, P> 0.05). Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis incidence The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.01, P> 0.05). Conclusions Breastfeeding should be actively carried out at very low birth weight, which has a positive effect on the early transition to total gastrointestinal nutrition, reducing the incidence of feeding intolerance, shortening the length of hospital stay and reducing the incidence of acidosis.