多数中学物理教师对负绝对温度这一概念并不是很熟悉,它起初作为一种唯象理论,其用经典物理学关于“温度”的概念是难以理解和接受的。但随着上世纪原子物理学特别是核物理学和激光技术的发展,根据熵—能曲线右半部分所表征的状态,负绝对温度在核自旋系统中得到了首次的证实,同样在激光系统,以受激辐射占主导的“光放大”过程中,通过实现工作物质的粒子数反转和光的自激振荡,亦可以阐述负绝对温度的物理状态含义。 Most secondary school physics teachers are not very familiar with the concept of negative absolute temperature. It was originally used as a phenomenological theory that is difficult to understand and accept in the classical physics concept of “temperature.” However, with the development of atomic physics, especially nuclear physics and laser technology in the last century, the negative absolute temperature was first confirmed in the nuclear spin system according to the state represented by the right half of the entropy-energy curve. Similarly, System, which is dominated by stimulated radiation, can also expound the meaning of the physical state of the negative absolute temperature by realizing the inversion of the particle number of the working substance and the self-excited oscillation of the light.